Countable and uncountable nouns with some/any/a/an  Use of some/any in positive, negative, affirmative sentences with countable and uncountable nouns  Types of sentences Countable Uncountable + (Positive) I need an orange. I need  some oranges. I need some sugar. - (Negative) I don’t need an  apple. I don’t need  any  apples. I don’t need any  flour. ? (Questions) Do you need a  pear? Do you need  any  pears? Do you need any  butter? 1.1 Nouns in English can be countable and uncountable....

Possessive case Rules and examples  ‘s with singular (person or other living being) This is Sarah ’s  bag. ‘ with plural nouns s’ with irregular plural  The students '  books are on the desk. men ’s  clothes ‘of’ with inanimate objects The cover of the book is torn. to ask about the possession Whose …..? Whose bag is over there? Whose book is it? 1.1 Use 's after a singular noun or s' after a plural noun to show possession, especially when the possessor is a person, animal, organisation, or...

Regular and irregular plurals Nouns can be regular and irregular depending on how plurals are formed Regular plurals Singular Plural Spelling a book a boy a plate book s boy s plate s + s a fox a bench fox es bench es + es (after s, x, sh, ch) a dictionary a story dictionar ies stor ies consonant+y: y + ies 1.1 Add -s, -es, or -ies to make plural nouns. Examples It’s a book . They are books . It’s a dictionary . They are dictionaries . With two-word nouns add -s (or -es, ies) to the second...